Motion-picture camera



May 20, 1924.

H. K. SANDELL MOTION PICTURE CAMERA Filed Aug. 10. 1921 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 j/erz y ff 6m? May 20, 1924. 1,494,810

H. K. SANDELL MOTION PICTURE CAMERA Filed Aug. 10 1921 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 H. K. SANDELL MOTION PICTURE CAMERA Filed Auz. 10. 1921 5 Sheets$heet 5 1:0rl'lllllllui vlnolllllllilnv fzz llil'l I :II

5 Sheets-Sheet 4 May 20, 1924.

H. K. SANDELL' MOTION PICTURE cmmu Filed Aug. 10 1921 r mum m wm May 20, 1924.

H. K. SANDELL MOTION PrcTuRE cmsm.

1921 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Aug. 10

NHH I IHU Patented May 20, 1924 UNITED sum-as PATENT OFFICE.

HERE! 1:. man, or cnrcaeo, rumors, assrenoa- 'ro- Banana-r s.

mas, or cmcaoo, rumors IQTION-PIGmE cum.

um... fled August 10, 1921. Serial Io. 491,158.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY K. Sannrzm, a citizen of the United States, residing at 221 South Green Street, care of Mills Novelt 00., Chicago, in the county of and tate of Illinois, haveinvented a new and useful IIn rovement in Motion-Picture lameras, o which thefollowing is a specification.

The present invention relates to improvements in motion picture apparatus and W111 be fully understood from the following description, illustrated by the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is an elevation of a motion picture camera constructed in accordance WlthWhB present invention;

Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the motion picture camera of Fig.- 1; Fig. 3'is an enlarged scale, broken tional view on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2, look ing in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 4 is a sectional View on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3;

of Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is a broken sectional view-on the line 6-6 of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a broken sectional view on the line 7-7 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 8 is a broken vertical section on the line 8-8 of Fig. 1, showing the objective and shutter mechanism onenlarged scale;

Fig. 9 is a side elevation of the device in use as a projecting apparatus;

Fig. 10 is a broken top plan view' of the device in use as a projecting apparatus; and Fig. 11 is a broken sectional view showing the mode of securing the transparency in the device when used as a projecting apparatus.

' Referring more particularly to the drawings, the numeral 15 indicates a large flat box or case, of sufficient size to permit the 4 insertion of a holder containing' a disk transparency or film upon which a spiral sequence of pictures may be photographed. Such a disk transparency may suitably-have engaging members arranged ina spiral and injpredetermined relation to each other, so that each engaging member will bear the same relative position to one of the series 'of pictures to be taken upon the transgarencyfis more fully described in my prior 'The entire back, lower ed said cover 17 being adapted to close the .ing an unexposed disk transparency. The cover 17 may suitably be retained in closed or of stamped metal, this cas ng containing Fig. 5 is a sectional view on the line 5-5 atent 0. 1,381,849, dated June 14, 1921.

and sides of the casing 15 may bepivotal mounted upon hinges 16 on the lower ge of the front face of the casing 15. One edge of the easing 15 is provided with a cover 17 suitably hinged to the upper edge of the casing 15 end of the casing and to open to permit the insertion and removal of a holder containposition by a sprin detent 18.

Upon the face 0 the box 15 is mounted a casing 20, which may suitably be a casting the operating mechanism for the device. Secured to the top of this casing is a supporting plate 21 to which is secured the arrel 21" of a s ring motor, the hollow shaft 22' thereof bem operatively connected by means of asuitab e pawl and ratchet arrangement 23 to the main arbor 24, upon which is mounted the large gear 25 and the small pinion 26. The shaft 24 is suitably journa led in the hollow shaft 22 of the spring motor and in a bearing 27 screwed into a plate 28 secured to and spaced from the top of the casing 20 by-pins 29. The

large gear 25 engages a gearBO which is mounted to 00-0 crate with the shaft 31, the latter being sli able axially of the gear 30. A ar 32, preferably formed integrally wit the gear 30, en ages inion 33 mounted on shaft 34, sai shaft eing provided with an additional pinlion 35 which drives the worm of the centrifugal governor 36 mounted in lugs 36' struck in from plate 21. This governor is provided in the usual manner With an axially slidable disk 37 controlled by the centrifugal weights.

The gears 30 and 32 mounted on the shaft 31 are preferably formed as an integral castin or membenwhich journals in plate 28 an is provided with a slot 38 in which the disk-driving fork 39 secured to the shaft 31 is .slidably engaged. The shaft 31, to-

ther with this (fork, may be pulled out y means of button 42 externally of casing 20 to disengage'the'disk supporting memher, as hereinafter more fully described, and may be returned toaiposition to engage it.

In the engaging position, a detent 40 en ters a groove 41 in the button42 and retains theshaft in its .proper position.

The film disk 43 to be exposed in the camera is contained in a plate holder 44,-

I the disk is retained in position by a retaining disk 47 which likewise has openings which pass over thecenter buttons and 45*. A spring detent 49 located in a cen tral depression in the retaining plate 47 enters a. groove 50 in the centering button 45 and is thereby held in position. retaining plate 47 may be provided eccentrically with engaging members, such as slots in which the ends of the fork 39 mounted on shaft 31 may engage to cause the rotation of the late 47 and with it the disk or film 43. V e front of the plate holder 44, said front being suitably double as shown at 51, is provided with a radial slot 52 extending from its outer edge across asuflici'ent distance to expose the retaining plate 47 as well as the area upon which the light rays from the object to be photographed are received when the fork 39 is engaged in the slots in the retaining disk 47, the spring motor is effective to rotate the film disk, and in itsrotation the entire surface of the film disk passes before the slot '52 once for each rotation of the disk.

A spiralsequence of pictures is exposed upon the film disk 43 by means of an objective or lens which travels slowly across the film as the latter is rotated. The film travels continuousl and the objective is caused to travel wit the film for the eriod of each exposure. This is suitabl e ected .by the co-operation of the enga ing members or projections 43 in the splral groove of film 43, more fully describedin my prior.

patent above referred to, which co-operated with suitable enga 'ng means operativelyconnected to the ob ective or objective support.

Referring more particularlyto the drawings, the objective 53 is mounted in a cylindrical casing or cell 54 which is carried bya pivoted arm 56, in the following manner. The pivoted arm 56 hassecured to it a roller 57 which engages in the spiral roove in. the disk or film 43, and its spacing rom the film is thereby determined. A link 58' is pivotally mounted at one end 'on' the arm 56 and to the other end of the-link 58 ispivotally se-' cured the bent arm .59 on which is mounted the cell or casing 54 containing the objective.

53. The arm 59 islikewise provided with The ,toward the-film and tilted orinclin'ed' ward to compensate for the forward move ment of-the film and le'iis. 3 When the pawl freed from engagement with the in,- p den'tation in the disk, the lens-cell is rea pawl-hke finger 60. which when properly to its normal position bythe spring positioned is engaged by the projections 43 in the spiral groove of the film 43, the objective opening being thus positioned over the film between the grooves. The adjacent of the arm 59 beyond the point at which itis pivoted to the link 58 is forced outwardly by means of the spring 62, one end of which is secured to the arm 59 and the other end to the lug 63 formed on the arm 56.

The arm 56 is pivotally mounted u on a standard 64. To this standard is rigidly secured acshort arm 65 and coil spring 66 between the end of this arm and the lug 63 forcesjthe arm 56 with the attached devices inwardly toward the film. The standard 64 is mounted upon a supporting bar-67 which in turn is rigidly secured at its end 68 to a steel curtain 69, the ends of which are secured to rollers 70 at opposite ends of a slot formed in the face of the casing 20. This slot corres onds in position to the slot 52 in the plate holder. The curtain 69 slides in ooves formed between the face of the easmg 20 and a plate 71 secured to the underside thereof, a light proof covering for the slot being thereby formed by the curtain. The rollers 70 upon which the ends of the curtain are mounted are protected by suitable hoods 72. The curtain 69 is provided with an opening opposite the lens 53 and a bellows 73 extends from the opening in the curtain to the enlarged end 74 of the cell 54 in which the lens is mounted. This bellows 73 dprevents leakage of light, as will be rea' ily apparent, and permits movement of the lens cell relative to the curtain 69.

As the film or disk rotates, the lens follows aperture in the .the spiral groove, being held in proper relashort space of time, during which exposure takesplace. The pawl 60 is disengaged at the end of the forward movement, of the lens by an outward movement of the arm 59 resulting from the curved end of that arm riding upon one of the pins 61 shown in Fig'. 8. The link 58 permits the action just described, and also is so arranged that in this movement the lens is also moved slightly ac Y the arm 79 enga 62. At the end of the return movement, the pawl 60 engages a fresh indentation, causing the lens-cell to come to a sudden stop, while the momentum of the shutter, which will be described presently, causes it to open to permit the exposure to be made, whereupon the shutter is again closed by its spring. Itj should be borne in mind, however, that the disk continues its rotation while the retraction of the lens-cell takes place and the lenscell then moves forward again with thedisk while the exposure occurs. In due time, however, the shutter-spring recovers and closes. the shutter, which will now be described. In the enlarged end 74: of the cell 54 for thelens there is secured a cover member 77 havv ing a cylindrical curvature, this cover memher being provided with a suitable opening, 77 directly above the lens. The enl'ar end 74 of the cell is likewise formed wit a, projecting tongue 78 to which ispivotally I secured an arm 79 carrying a weighted shutter 80 provided with an opening 81. A- spring coiled around the pivot supporting the tongue 78 and the shutter 79 to hol the latter in position such that the opening 81 is completely out of alignment with the opening 78. The vibration of the cell 54 causes a vibration of the shutter, due to its inertia, resulting in the alignment of the openings 81 and 7 7 during a art of the period when the lens is moving with the film.

In order to draw the objective out of enga ing position when removing or insertin a film, a cord 98 is secured to the enlarge end 7 4 of the casing, passing through a' slot. in a fork 98 and an opening in the outwardly turned end of a projecting tongue 98, being secured by a knot. The lenscell'} may be drawn outwardly by this cord and. secured by engagement of a knot on the cord with fork 98".

As the film is rotated, in order to cause the roller 57 mounted on the arm 56 and the lens 53 to follow a spiral path, the curtain 69 and the bar 67 secured thereto for sup-- porting the lens carrying mechanism are moved radially of the film. In order to aceomplish this, a link 75 is pivotally secured at one end to the supporting bar 67 and is provided on one side with a rack-face 76 which engages the pinion 27 mounted on the spring motor shaft 24. This rack and pinion are so proportioned that each rotation of the disk causes the necessary inward.

.movement of the lens carrying mechanism.

In using the device with a continuously moving film, it is preferred to have the exposures evenly spaced in the spirals upon the film and for this purpose means are provided for varying the angular speed of movement of the disk in order to maintain a constant linear speed of the film rotating under the lens. In order to accomplish this,

rollers 96 whic box. In the rear of the box the yoke suplug 98 as shown in adapte thereby the back of the rack 75 is formed with a moved to bring the lens toward the center of the film, its cam surface 81 acts upon the end of arm 82 causing the pin 85 to move the end of lever 86 in such manner that the friction member 88 moves forwardly against the governor disk 37 and increases the angu- 1211' s eed of the film, thereby maintaining the linear velocity at the point of exposure substantially constant. In order to stop the motor entirely a friction member 89 is mounted upon an arm secured to a shaft 90 extending through the top of the case and provided externall with an o erating lever 91. In order to re ease the rac 76 from the inion 26 when it is desired to move the ens freely backward or forward, a bent lever 92 is provided which engages an end of the arm 82 and forces it out ofcontact with the back of the rack, thereb permitting the latter to fall away from t e pinion 36. The lens and its supporting members may thereupon be freely moved. The arm 92 maybe operated from without the casing by the lever arm 93.

In case it is desired to use the device for projecting purposes, the back 17 is opened and thefront 15 with the casing containing the drive and o erating mechanism is held u right by the ink 94. 'A yoke 95 is then p aced'over the top of the box 15 of the camera, being provided with two grooved ride upon the top of the ports a casing 97 containing suitable illuminating devices and projecting lenses, and in front of the box the yoke engages projecting Fig. 9. The disk to be projected is retained in position by the means shown in 'Fig. 11. A plate member 99 is rovided which has a central boss 8 to slide over the end of the shaft 38 and slotted so as to en age the arms of the driving fork 39. On its opposite side this plate is provided with a pro ecting ooved utton 100, and with positioning uttons [101. The disk 102 is then placed upon the plate 99, the button 100 and 101 entering corresponding openings in the disk. The retaining plate 103 is then laced upon the disk, it

likewise being provi ed with apertures corresponding to the buttons 100 and 101. A spring detent 104 inthe retaining plate 103 enters the groove in the button 101 and locks the assembly. Th assembly is. retained in position on the driv shaft by of the trolled by saidrack member tovary the rate I "said lever to increase the angular velocity of said film support as the lens support ap 9 tendedthat these details shall be regarded as limitations upon the scope of the inven companying claims. I

Iclaim: Y 1. In a moving picture machine, a rotatable film support, arotatable shaft proltion,.except in so far as included in theae- 'vided with means for engaging said film sup,-

port, a movable lens support, drive means for rotating said rotatable shaft, means for moving the'lens support radiall with respect to the film support, an governor means controlled by the movement of thelens-supporting means to vary the rate of movement imparted by said drive means.

2. In a moving picture machine, a rotatable'film' support, a; rotatable shaft hav,

ingmeans for engagingsaidfilm support, a

driveshaft for rotating said rotatable shaft, a 'lens su port, meansgtoperable from "the drive sha for mo viiig'ithe lens support'radially with v respeetgto the film support, and governor meanscontrolled by the movement of the lens-supporting means tovary the rate.

of movement of'the said drive means.

3. In a movingpi ure -machine, a rotatable film support, a rotatable shaft provided with means fol-"engaging said film su port, a drive shaft-for rotating said rotatab e eshaft imparted by shaft, a lens support, a rack, member 'oper- .able from the drivejshaft'and secured to the lens snplpprt for moving, the latter radially support, andgovernor means conofmo'vement ofthedriv'e'shaft.

4. In a lnows'ing picture machine, a rotatable film support, arotatajble shaft provided with means for engaging said film support, a drive shaft for rotating said rotatab shaft, a lens sup ort, a rack member operable from the drives aft,ga cam cooperating with" saidi'rackmember,fandmeans o erated by 1 said to control. the drive 3 aft to increase the angularvelocity of saidfilm support as the lens support approaches its can v "5.111 a moving picture machine, a-rota v a table support,a rotatable shaft providedl with means for engaging said film'jsupport, a;

driveshaft for'rotatmg said rotatab shaft,

a lenssupport, arack memberoperable from. the drive, shaft, said-rack member -;.formed-;with' scam; back,-' alever operated by};

:' s'aidcamback and governor mechanism for .j isaid drive'shaft operated'by said lever to-in fc'reas'ethe angular velocity ofsaidfilm supvided' with means for engaging said film supthe drive shaft whereby the :be freely moved relative to the drive shaft on being port as the lens support approaches itscenter. 7

'-6.:In -.a moving picture machine, a ro-.

tatable filmsupport,*a rotatable shaft proport, a drive shaft for operating said rotatableshaft, a lens support, a rack member engaging the-drive sha t and operable therefrom", said rack member being attached to the said lens support for moving the latter ra-' dial] of the film support, andmeans holding the rack member in engagement with the duveshaft, said meansbeing releasable from ens support may release of said engaging means.

7. In; a.v moving picture machine, a retatable'iifilmsupport, arotatable shaft provided with means for engaging said film support, a" drive shaft for operating said rotatable shaft, a lens support, a rack member engaging-the drive shaft and operable there- 7. from, saidrack member being attached tothe said lens support for. moving thelatter radially of'th'e lm support, means holdin the rack member in engagement with the rive shaft whereby the lens support may be freely moved relative to the drive shaft on release of said engagingmeans, and overnor means I controlled'by saidjrack mem er.t0 vary the rate of movement of the drive shaft.

8. In a moving picture machine, a rotatable 'film suport, a rotatable shaft provided with means for engaging said film ber being formed with a cam back, a lever, 105

means for yieldingly holding the lever in engagement with the cam back, governor mechanism for said drive shaft operated by proaches itsv center, and means fordisengaging the'lever from the cam backof the 'rac whereby the latter may be disengaged fronithe drive shaft. 5 I

9.111 a movingpicture machine, in com- 1 bination, acasing, .a disk film within the casing, means for rotating the film, alen's cell within the casing, means for moving? the lens cell across the face of the filth,- a curtain in the casing before he lens and tween the lens cell and the aperture.

"10. r In a moving picture machine, incombination', a casing, a'disk film within the 3 casing, means for rotating the a lens} I i'cell within the casing, a curtain in the casing before the lens cell;'said curtain being rovidedwith an aperture, a support. r g ly ort, a a drive shaft for rotating said 12'0" "movable therewith, said-curtain being pro-J I ,vided with an aperture, and a bellows beto said curtain, m

amen

" for supporting the lens cell mount- 11. In a moving picture machine, in com-.

binatign a casing, a disk film within the casing, means for rotating the film, a lens cell within the casing, means for moving the lens cell across the face ofthe film,

' means for movin the lens cell a limited distance with the fi a curtain in the casin before the lens and movable therewith, sai

. curtain being provided with an aperture,

- and a bellows between the lens cell and the aperture. 0

12. In a moving plcture machlne, 1n combination, a casing, a disk'film within the casing, means for rotating the film, a lens cell within the casing, a curtain in the easing before the lens cell, said curtain being rovided with an a erture, a supporting ar rigidly secure to said curtain, means for supporting the lens cell mounted on said bar, means for moving the lens cell a limited distance with the film relative to said bar, a bellows between the lens cell and the aperture of the curtain, and

ing before the lens cell, said curtain being provided with an aperture, a supporting ar rigidly secured to. said curtain, means for movably supporting the lens cell mounted upon said bar, engaging means pro-1 vided [upon said supporting means and cooperating with the engaging means upon t e film whereby the lens cell is moved for a limited distance with the film, a bellows between the lens. cell and the aperture of the curtain, and means secured to the sup-' porting bar for moving the lens cell-and pillifncurtain together across the face of the 14; In a moving picture machine, a rotatable film support, afilm mounted thereon and provi ed with regularl disposed engaging means, a rotatable shafl; provided with means for engagin said filmsupport, a movable supporting-V er, a reciprocable lens support mounted thereon and provided with means for enga g' the engaging means upon the film, 5i: lens support relative to the supporting bar,

drive means for rotating said ,rotatable' shaft, means for moving said su porting bar radially with respect to the supmeans,

rack member, and

reby moving theport, and governor means controlled by the movement of the lens supporting means to vary the rate of movement imparted from said drive means to the film su port.

15. In a moving picturemac me, a rotatable film support, a film mounted thereonand havin re ularl disposed engaging a otatble haft rovided with means for engaging said fi sup ort to elfect'its rotation, a movable supporting bar, a reciprocable lens support, mounted there on and provided with means for engaging the engaging means on the film to move the lens support relative to said supporting bar,

a drive shaft for rotating the said rotatable shaft, a rack member operable from the drive shaft and secured to the lens su ort for movin the latter radially of t e lm support, and governor means controlled by sai rack member tovarythe rate of movement of the drive shaft.

16. In a moving picture machine, a rotatable film support, a film mounted thereon and having regularly disposed engagin means, a rotatable shaft pgivided wit means for engaging said fi support to efiect its rotation, a movable supporting bar, a reciprocable lens support mounted thereon an provided with means for engaging the engaging means on the film to move the lens support relative to said supporting bar, a drive shaft for rotating the said rotatable shaft, a rack member operable from the drive shaft and secured to said supporting bar for moving the latter radially of the film support, a cam cooperating with said means 0 rated by said cam to control the drive a aft to increase the an lar velocity of said film support as the ens support approaches its center.

17 I In a moving picture machine, a rotat able film support, a film mounted thereon and having regularly disposed Y en agin means, a rotatable shaft provide wit means for engaging said film support to effect its rotation, a movable supporting bar, a' reciprocable lens'support mounted thereon and provided with means-for engaging the engaging means on the film to move the lens support relative to said sup orting bar,

a drive shaft for rotating the said rotatableshaft, a rack member operable from the drive shaft and secured to said supporting bar for moving the latter radially of the film support, the rack member beindg formed with a cam back, a-lever operate by said cam back, and governor mechanism for said drive shaft operated by said lever to increase'theangular velocity of said film supportas the lens support approaches its center.

18. In a movin picture machine, a casing having a flat x portion, a removable film contamer therein, a rotatable film support mounted in said container, an opening being provided in said container in its front exposin the film'support and extending across t e container, a lens su port 1n the casing movable in front of t e container along the 0 ening therein, and means within a movable curtain or the casing opening, V

said curtain being provided with an aperture, a lens sup ort secured to said curtain,

means within t e casing for rotating the film support for moving t e curtain and the lens support together before theopening in the film contamer. v I

20. In a moving picture machine, in combination, a casing, a disk film within the casing, means. for rotating the'film, a lens cell within the casing, means for engaging the lens cell with the film whereby movemerit of the latter causes movement of the former with the film for a redetermined distance, a curtain in the cas1n before the lens cell and movable therewit said ourtain being provided with an a erture, a bel-' lowis between the lens cell an the aperture, an

21. In a moving picture machine, in combination, a casing, a disk film' within the casing, means for rotating the film, a lens cell within the casing, means for engaging the lens cell with the film whereby movement of the latter causes movement of the former with the film for a redetermined distance, a curtain in the casin before the lens cell and movable therewit said curtain being provided with an a erture, a bellows between the lens cell an the aperture, means for disengagin the lens cell from the film, and means for olding said disengagmg means imposition after the lens cell has been disengaged from the film.

22. In a moving picture machine, in com bination, a casing, a disk film within the easing, means for rotating the film, a lens cell within the casing, means for engaging the lens cell with the film whereby movement of the latter causes movement of the former with the film for a predetermined distance, a curtain in the cas before the lens cell and movable therewit said curtain being provided with an aperture, a bellows between the lens cell and the aperture, a cord connected to the lens cell and extending through the aperture for the and means within thecasing means for disengaging-the lens cellfrom the film.

lens cell from the film and a clutch member mounted on the curtain for holding the cord-in disengaging position.

23. In a moving picture machine, in combination, a casing having a rotatable film 7 support, a disk film mounted thereon, an apertur ed curtain movable before said film,

a lens cell movable with said curtain and opening through the aperture, a supporting member movably mounted on said casing, 7 means for engaging said supporting member with the curtain whereby movement of thelatter is imparted to the former, and projecting means supported by the supporting member back of the film ,in alignmentwith the lens cell and the curtain aperture.

In a moving picture machine, in combination, a casing having a rotatable film support, 'a disk film mounted thereon, an

apertured curtain movable before said film, a lens cell movable with said curtain and] opening through the aperture, a yoke straddling the casing and movable thereon,'a lug secured to the curtain and engagin one arm of the yoke whereby movement 0% tain is imparted thereto and rojecting means supported by the back of t e film in alignment with the lens cell and the curtain aperture.

25. In a moving picture machine, in combination, a casing, a disk film within the casing, means for rotating the film, a lens cell within the casing, means for moving the lens cell across the face of the film, a curtain in the casing before the lens and movable therewith, said curtain being provided with an aperture, and a bellows between the lens cell and the aperture.

26. In a. moving picture machine, in combination, a casing, a disk film within the casing, means for rotating the film, a lens cell within the casin means for moving the lens cell across the ace of the film, means for movin the lens cell a limited distance with the -fi m, a curtain in the casing before the lens and movable therewith, said curtain being rovided with an aperture and a bellows tween the lens cell and the aperture.

, 27. In a moving picture machine, in combination, a casing, a disk film within the casing, means for rotating the film, a lens cell within the casing, means for engaging the lens cellwith the film whereby movement of the latter causes movement of the former with the film. for a predetermined distance, a curtain in the casing before the lens cell and movable therewith, said curtain being provided with an aperture, a bellows between the lens cell and the aperture,

and means for disengaging the lens cell from the film.

28. Ina moving picture machine, in combination, a casing, a disk film within the casing, means for rotating the film; a lens I the curcell within the casing, means for engaging bellows between the lens cell and the aperture, means for disengaging the lens cell from the film, and means for holding said disengaging means in position after the lens cell has been disengaged from the film.

29. In a moving picture machine, in combination, a casing, a disk film within the 15 casing, means for rotating the film, a lens cell within the casing, means for engaging the lens cell wit-h tne film whereby movement of the latter causes movement of the former with the film for a predetermined distance, a curtain in the casing before the lens cell and movable therewith, said ourtain being provided with an aperture, a belloWs between the lens cell and the aperture, a cord connected to the lens cell and extending through the aperture for disengaging the lens cell from the film and a clutch member mounted on the curtain for holding thecord in disengaging position.

HENRY K. SANDELL. 

